Freedom Movement in Karnataka - Karnataka PCS Free Notes

Karnataka, a land rich in history and culture, played a significant role in India's struggle for independence. From armed rebellions to peaceful Satyagrahas, the people of Karnataka contributed diversely to the national movement. This article delves into the key aspects of Karnataka's freedom movement, highlighting its contribution to the Indian National Congress, the impact of Gandhian movements, and the role of prominent leaders.

Early Uprisings and the Rise of Nationalism

Even before the formal establishment of the Indian National Congress, Karnataka witnessed several uprisings against British rule. The Kittur Chennamma rebellion in 1824, led by the brave queen of Kittur, was one of the earliest instances of armed resistance against the British East India Company. Other notable uprisings include the Pazhassi Raja revolt in Kodagu and the Dondiya Wagh rebellion in North Karnataka. These early revolts, though ultimately suppressed, sowed the seeds of nationalism and inspired future generations to fight for freedom.

Karnataka and the Indian National Congress

The establishment of the Indian National Congress in 1885 provided a unified platform for the freedom movement. Leaders from Karnataka actively participated in the Congress's sessions and contributed to shaping its strategies. The state hosted the Congress session in Belgaum in 1924, presided over by Mahatma Gandhi, which further energized the movement in the region.
Karnataka also played a vital role in promoting the Swadeshi movement, advocating for the use of indigenous goods and boycotting British products. Leaders like Aluru Venkata Rao and Hardekar Manjappa played a crucial role in spreading nationalist ideas through newspapers and publications.

Gandhian Movements: Civil Disobedience and Quit India

Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of non-violent resistance resonated deeply with the people of Karnataka. The Civil Disobedience Movement in the 1930s witnessed widespread participation from the state, with people actively engaging in salt satyagraha, boycotts, and peaceful protests. The Quit India Movement of 1942 further intensified the struggle, with Karnataka witnessing mass arrests and demonstrations. The movement saw significant contributions from women and students, who actively participated in protests and underground activities.

Prominent Leaders of Karnataka's Freedom Struggle

Karnad Sadashiva Rao: A prominent freedom fighter and Congress leader, Karnad Sadashiva Rao played a key role in popularizing the Khadi movement and promoting rural development in Karnataka. He was instrumental in organizing the Belgaum Congress session in 1924 and was a strong advocate for social reform.
Kengal Hanumanthaiah: A staunch Congressman and social reformer, Kengal Hanumanthaiah played a crucial role in the Mysore Chalo movement, advocating for the responsible government in

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the princely state of Mysore. He later served as the Chief Minister of Mysore State and is best known for his contribution to the construction of the Vidhana Soudha, the state legislature building.
Besides these prominent figures, numerous other leaders contributed to Karnataka's freedom struggle. These include:

Kittur Chennamma: The queen of Kittur who led an armed rebellion against the British in 1824.

S Nijalingappa: A prominent Congress leader and former Chief Minister of Mysore State.

H. Siddanagowda: A freedom fighter and advocate of the unification of Karnataka.

T. Siddalingiah: A Gandhian activist and social reformer.

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