14. What is watershed? Highlight the importance of watershed in conserving natural resources. (Not more than 150 words)

Points to Remember: Definition of watershed, its importance in natural resource conservation (water, soil, biodiversity).

Introduction: A watershed, also known as a drainage basin, is an area of land where all the water that falls on it drains off to a common outlet, such as a river, lake, or ocean. Effective watershed management is crucial for sustainable natural resource conservation.

Body:

Water Conservation: Watersheds regulate water flow, preventing floods and droughts. Vegetation within a watershed helps absorb rainfall, reducing runoff and replenishing groundwater. This ensures a consistent water supply for human use and ecosystems.
Soil Conservation: Intact watersheds minimize soil erosion. Plant cover and healthy soil structure within the watershed prevent topsoil loss, maintaining soil fertility and agricultural productivity.
Biodiversity Conservation: Watersheds support diverse ecosystems. Protecting the integrity of a watershed safeguards habitats for various plant and animal species, contributing to biodiversity.

Conclusion: Watershed management is essential for conserving natural resources. Sustainable practices like afforestation, rainwater harvesting, and integrated farming within watersheds are crucial. By protecting watersheds, we ensure long-term water security, soil health, and biodiversity, promoting sustainable development and environmental well-being.

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